回归本体价值:优绩主义德育评价的解析与超越路径OACHSSCD

Modern education is permeated with the value orientation of meritocracy,which provides equal educational opportunities for individuals,advocates individual diligence and hard work,and promotes the distribution of rewards based on what individuals"deserve"through their efforts,making it a mainstream ideology in society.For moral education evalu-ation to return to its ontological value—focusing on the individual and their moral development—a profound understanding of the logical foundations of meritocratic moral education evaluation is essential.However,meritocratic moral education evaluation,which pursues efficiency and high returns,has led to several issues,such as the simplification of moral educa-tion evaluation into"moral points",the fragmentation of evaluation content,and the grading of evaluation results.Analyzing the root causes of these problems from the perspective of the ontological value of moral education evaluation,it is evident that meritocratic moral education evaluation is heavily influenced by the concepts of"merit"and"deserving",reducing in-dividuals to measurable objects in evaluation philosophy.The dynamic process of moral development is overlooked,relying instead on simplistic evaluation methods;the holistic nature of moral life is neglected,with a preference for explicit evalu-ation content;and the pursuit of meritocratic outcomes overshadows the attention to human meaning and moral education itself.To return to the ontological value of moral education evaluation and transcend meritocracy,it is necessary to diversi-fy evaluation methods to account for the process and changes in individual moral development;comprehensively and sys-tematically design evaluation content to make holistic value judgments about individuals;and appropriately utilize evalu-ation outcomes to promote students' long-term moral growth.