葡萄黑曲霉病病原菌的分离鉴定及防治药剂筛选OA

To identify the pathogen causing black mold disease in'Shine Muscat'grapes,this study,a combination of field disease investigation,conducted systematic identification through tissue isolation,Koch's postulates validation,morphological observation,and molecular identification.The toxicity of fungicides was determined in vitro using the mycelial growth rate method,and the control efficacy was evaluated through in vitro fruit inoculation assays.Field surveys showed that seedling type significantly influenced the incidence of grape black mold rot.Both morphological and molecular analyses identified the causal pathogen as Aspergillus tubingensis,and wounds were determined to be the key infection route.The effect of greenhouse type on disease severity was not significant.The results of laboratory fungicide toxicity tests showed significant differences in the inhibitory effects of the six tested fungicides against A.tubingensis.Among them,azoxystrobin and difenoconazole exhibited the strongest antifungal activity,with EC50 values of 120.962 mg·L-1 and 167.016 mg·L-1,and in vitro control efficacies of 48.97%and 46.29%,respectively.Flusilazole and carbendazim showed moderate inhibition,with EC50 values of 301.717 mg·L-1 and 359.174 mg·L-1,and in vitro control efficacies of 39.83%and 43.43%,respectively.In contrast,tebuconazole and pyraclostrobin exhibited no significant inhibitory effects.This study identified A.tubingensis as the causal agent of black mold disease on'Shine Muscat'grapes in Shandong production region.Azoxystrobin and difenoconazole can serve as candidate fungicides for the control of black mold disease in grape production.