山葡萄种质资源性状多样性分析及综合评价OA

This study used 200 germplasm resources of Vitis amurensis preserved in the National Germplasm Repository of Wild Grape as experimental materials.Correlation analysis,cluster analysis,and principal component analysis comprehensively applied to systematically evaluate mature fruit traits,with the aim of screening superior germplasm resources and providing references for cultivar breeding and germplasm utilization.The results showed that the germplasm resources of Vitis amurensis exhibited abundant trait variation,among which morphological traits displayed relatively high genetic diversity.The diversity indices of cluster compactness,juice color,and flesh color were all greater than 1,reaching 1.310,1.296,and 1.177,respectively,indicating significant differences among germplasms in anthocyanin accumulation and cluster structure.Although the diversity level of quantitative traits was lower than that of morphological traits,considerable variation was still observed,especially for cluster weight,which exhibited the highest coefficient of variation.Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between fruit size,yield-related traits,and certain intrinsic quality traits.Cluster analysis divided the 200 germplasms into four groups.Among them,087202 and 087232 were characterized as large-cluster and high-yield germplasms,while 200418 and 089404 exhibited relatively high soluble solids-to-acid ratios and could serve as potential materials for the production of high-quality dry wines.Based on the comprehensive evaluation model of fruit traits established through principal component analysis,ten germplasm resources,including Huapu 1,087202,087232,200418,and Beibinghong,were identified as having superior overall performance.These findings provide important references for the exploration,utilization,and breeding of Vitis amurensis germplasm resources.