基于转录组分析的茶树自交不亲和相关基因挖掘OA

Tea plants(Camellia sinensis)exhibit significant self-incompatibility(SI),which severely hinders its genetic breeding and seed production.In this study,using tea cultivars'Jinxuan'and'Baojing Huangjincha 1#'as materials,the key barrier stage and molecular mechanism of tea plant self-incompatibility were systematically investigated through cytological observation and transcriptome analysis.Fluorescence microscopy observations revealed that the critical period of the self-incompatibility response occurs at 48 hours after pollination.At this time,the elongation rate of self-pollen tubes in the style was significantly slower than that of cross-pollen tubes,and they cannot effectively enter the ovary to complete fertilization in the ovules.Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 545 differentially expressed genes(DEGs).KEGG enrichment analysis showed that these genes are significantly enriched in pathways such as"Plant hormone signal transduction","MAPK signaling pathway",and"Cutin,suberine and wax biosynthesis".Further studies indicated that the expression of multiple signal pathway-related genes in the style was significantly upregulated after self-pollination,including calcium-binding proteins,auxin synthesis-related genes,and cell wall synthase enzymes.These genes may be involved in the self-incompatibility process by regulating pollen tube growth inhibition and cell recognition responses.This study reveals the key barrier stage and molecular regulatory network of tea plant self-incompatibility at the cellular and molecular levels.The key genes screened provide important candidates for deciphering the mechanism of tea plant self-incompatibility and lay a theoretical foundation for improving the reproductive characteristics of tea plants through molecular approaches in the future.