益生菌安全性评价研究进展OA

With the development of the health industry,probiotics are increasingly becoming part of people's daily dietary lives.Con-ducting safety evaluations of probiotics at the strain level is of significant importance for human health.This study systematically reviews the research progress on the safety evaluation of probiotics based on the research achievements of experts both domestically and internationally,as well as related guidance documents on probiotic safety.It summarizes the standard procedures for safety evaluation and provides an out-look on the future development trends of evaluation methods.The safety evaluation process for probiotics comprises four components,inclu-ding analysis of domestic and international safety evaluation data,strain classification and identification,in vitro assessments,and in vivo evaluations.Analysis of domestic and foreign safety evaluation data refers to a comprehensive analysis of the domestic and foreign use histo-ry and safety of bacterial species(including but not limited to their pathogenicity and toxicity-producing ability reports,clinical trial data,scientific and technological literature or reviews,etc.).The most effective method for strain classification and identification is whole ge-nome sequencing,which assesses strain safety by analyzing virulence genes,genes related to undesirable characteristics,and antibiotic re-sistance genes in probiotics.In vitro evaluation includes testing for hemolytic activity,biogenic amine levels,antibiotic resistance,and D-lactic acid production.In vivo evaluation is primarily based on toxicological evaluation using animal models.This paper provides new ideas and theoretical references for selecting probiotic safety evaluation methods and alternative toxicological models.