宁夏贺兰山东麓不同产区赤霞珠干红葡萄酒品质分析OA

To explore the stylistic characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine in the eastern foothill of the Helan Mountain and identify the soil factors influencing its quality,this study analyzed wine and soil samples from 12 vineyards across 4 regions.The physico-chemical properties and aromatic components of the wine samples,as well as the soil nutrient contents and extracellular enzyme activity,were measured.Techniques such as headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS),multiple regression analysis,and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were employed to analyze the charac-teristic aromatic components of the wines.The results showed that all 12 wine samples complied with the national standards for dry red wine.Among them,the alcohol contents,residual sugar,and total phenolics were higher in Yongning production area,titratable acid con-tent was higher in Zhenbeipu production area,free sulfur and tannin contents were higher in Qingtongxia production area,anthocyanin content was higher in Hongsipu production area.Sensory analysis revealed that all the samples were clear and ruby red in color,and the color tones were basically the same,with high scores for aroma and taste in the Zhenbeipu and Yongning appellations,both of which were at the'very good'level.The volatile aroma compounds in the wine samples were extracted and analyzed using HS-SPME-GC-MS technol-ogy.A total of 64 volatile compounds were identified,including 22 esters,18 higher alcohols,6 fatty acids,7 aldehydes and ketones,and 7 terpenoids.The Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine from different vineyards could be effectively differentiated using OPLS-DA.Based on the OPLS-DA results,14 differential aroma compounds were screened from GC-MS data through variable importance in projection(VIP)values.Combined with odor activity value(OAV)analysis,it was found that 4-terpineol and 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine were the most significant aroma contributors in Cabernet Sauvignon dry red wine from the eastern foothill of Helan Mountain,primarily exhibiting spicy,green pepper,and citrus notes.The OAV＞1 additive values showed that Yongning wine was more fruity and floral,Qingtongxia wine was more fatty,and Zhenbeipu wine was more vegetal.Multivariate regression analysis revealed that available potassium,available phosphor-us,CBH,NAG,LAP,and BG significantly influenced wine quality and flavor characteristics.The findings of this study will provide a theoretical basis for vineyard management practices in the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain,while also facilitating consumers under-standing and selection of wines with distinct styles.