广赤眼蜂对黄野螟林间持续防治效果初报
Preliminary Report on the Sustained Field Control Effect of Trichogramma evanescens to Heortia vitessoides
[目的]了解广赤眼蜂对黄野螟的林间持续防治效果。[方法]调查3 块分别于 2020年、2022 年和 2024 年释放过赤眼蜂的沉香树林地和 1 块未释放过赤眼蜂的沉香树林地，统计赤眼蜂寄生率、黄野螟幼虫虫口密度和沉香树失叶率。[结果]3 块释放过赤眼蜂的林地赤眼蜂对黄野螟卵的平均寄生率分别为 70.33%、60.72%和 61.98%，黄野螟幼虫虫口密度分别为 1.2 头·株-1、5.2 头·株-1 和5.5 头·株-1，沉香树失叶率分别为 0、0 和 0.1%;未释放过赤眼蜂的林地赤眼蜂对黄野螟卵的平均寄生率为 31.92%，黄野螟幼虫虫口密度为 255 头·株-1，沉香树失叶率为 15.75%。释放过赤眼蜂的林地赤眼蜂能够在林地自我繁衍建立一定的种群数量，有效控制黄野螟幼虫发生量，使得沉香树失叶率维持在经济阈值 10%以下，持续防控效果良好。而未放蜂林地，虽然赤眼蜂的寄生率达到 31.92%，但蜂群数量太少，大部分黄野螟卵依然能够顺利孵化出幼虫，虫口密度较大，最终造成沉香树失叶率较高，不能起到有效控制黄野螟幼虫的作用。[结论]在沉香树林地释放广赤眼蜂后，广赤眼蜂对黄野螟具有较好的持续防治效果，但在黄野螟发生期常伴有连续大雨、台风等天气发生，对广赤眼蜂的种群延续造成不利影响，应用推广时要重视科学监测黄野螟和及时释放广赤眼蜂，以达到绿色持效防控黄野螟的目的。
[Objective]The aim of this study was to understand the sustained field control effect of Trichogramma evanescens to Heortia vitessoides.[Method]Conduct a survey on three Aquilaria sinensis woodlands with T.evanescens released in 2020,2022,and 2024 respectively,as well as one A.sinensis woodland without T.evanescens released.Calculate the parasitism rate of T.evanescens,the population density of H.vitessoides larvae,and the leaf loss rate of A.sinensis trees.[Result]The average parasitism rate of T.evanescens to H.vitessoides eggs in the three A.sinensis woodlands released with T.evanescens was 70.33%,60.72%,and 61.98%,respectively.The population density of H.vitessoides larvae was 1.2,5.2,and 5.5 larvae per tree,respectively.The leaf loss rate of A.sinensis trees was 0,0,and 0.1%,respectively.The average parasitism rate of T.evanescens to H.vitessoides eggs in the A.sinensis woodlands not released with T.evanescens was 31.92%,the population density of H.vitessoides larvae was 255 larvae per tree,the leaf loss rate of A.sinensis trees was 15.75%.After being released in the A.sinensis woodland,T.evanescens can establish a certain population size in the field and effectively control the occurrence of H.vitessoides larvae,maintaining the leaf loss rate of A.sinensis trees below the economic threshold of 10%,resulting in good sustained prevention and control effects.However,in A.sinensis woodland without T.evanescens released,although the parasitism rate of T.evanescens reached 31.92%,the number of T.evanescens was too small,and most of H.vitessoides eggs still successfully hatched into larvae,resulting in a high leaf loss rate of A.sinensis tree and failing to effectively control the occurrence of H.vitessoides larvae.[Conclusion]After releasing T.evanescens in A.sinensis forest,T.evanescens makes a good sustained control effect on H.vitessoides.However,during the occurrence period of H.vitessoides,continuous heavy rain,typhoons and other bad weather events often occur,which have adverse impacts on the populantion continuation of T.evanescens.In the process of application and promotion,it is necessary to adhere to scientific monitoring of H.vitessoides and timely release of T.evanescens to achieve the goal of green and effective prevention and control of H.vitessoides.
邓坤怡;陈龙舟;林思诚;古天一;陈全武;周文珠;王祥;
茂名市林业科学研究所 广东 茂名 525000##广东省林业微生物杀虫剂工程技术研究中心,广东 茂名 525000;茂名市林业科学研究所 广东 茂名 525000##广东省林业微生物杀虫剂工程技术研究中心,广东 茂名 525000;茂名市林业科学研究所 广东 茂名 525000##广东省林业微生物杀虫剂工程技术研究中心,广东 茂名 525000;茂名市林业科学研究所 广东 茂名 525000##广东省林业微生物杀虫剂工程技术研究中心,广东 茂名 525000;茂名市林业科学研究所 广东 茂名 525000##广东省林业微生物杀虫剂工程技术研究中心,广东 茂名 525000;茂名市林业科学研究所 广东 茂名 525000##广东省林业微生物杀虫剂工程技术研究中心,广东 茂名 525000;茂名市林业科学研究所 广东 茂名 525000##广东省林业微生物杀虫剂工程技术研究中心,广东 茂名 525000;
Trichogramma evanescens Heortia vitessoides Aquilaria sinensis sustained effect field control Maoming
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