不同空间布局的林内景观空间如何影响使用者的视觉行为和满意偏好
How does the landscape uniformity in different forest landscapes affect the visual behavior and preference evaluation intention of participants
[目的]明晰不同空间布局的林内景观中人的视觉行为特点及差异和满意偏好，探讨影响人的视觉行为和满意偏好的林内空间特征要因，并明晰满意偏好和观赏意向之间的关系。 [方法]通过眼动追踪技术将人们在不同空间格局的林内景观的视觉行为可视化和数据化，并通过S PSS 23.0 中的多因素方差分析，单因素方差分析，Spearman's rho相关分析和多元线性回归对数据进行统计分析。 [结果](1)林内景观的空间布局会影响人们的观察模式，均匀分布的林内景观的注视较为分散，团状分布的较为集中。 (2)人们在观赏不同布局的林内景观空间时形成的视觉行为有所差异，主要体现在视觉跨度和瞳孔直径上。然而，使用者对场景的敏感度并不会由于空间布局的变化而发生显著变化。 (3)整体而言从空间布局与使用者偏好评估的结果上看，人们更加偏爱团状分布的林内景观，其再次观赏意向也较高。 (4)不同空间布局的林内景观空间中唤起使用者视觉行为和满意偏好的空间认知特征有所不同。其中随机分布的林内景观空间中有待优化的空间认知特征较多，以期诱导使用者对场景的“整体加工”模式，从而唤起更高的满意偏好和观赏意向。 [结论]通过以上分析，我们建议在森林景观的林内景观规划设计中，建议要根据林内景观的空间布局有针对性的提升、优化场景的空间认知特征，从而唤起使用者积极的视觉注意，增强使用者对场景的认同感，让使用者对场景“恋恋不舍”，进一步唤起使用者对场所的依恋感。
[Objective]To discuss the influence of landscape uniformity on people's visual behavior,satisfaction preference and re-viewing intention,and to reveal the main reasons for the spatial cognitive characteristics of in-forest scenes that arouse their visual-attention and re-viewing intention. [Method]People's visual information about in-forest landscapes with different landscape uniformity was visualized and digitized by eye-tracking technology and virtual reality method of picture,and the data were statistically analyzed by MANOVA,one-way ANOVA,Spearman's rho correlation analysis and linear regression in SPSS. [Result]1)Spatial layouts of in-forest landscape affect people's observation mode.The fixation of the even distribution is scattered,while that of the cluster distribution is concentrated. 2)People's visual attention differs across in-forest landscape uniformity,as mainly reflected in visual span and pupil diameter. 3)Overall,people prefer a cluster distribution of in-forest landscapes,for which they have higher re-viewing intentions. 4)Spatial cognitive characteristics that arouse participants'visual-behavior,satisfaction preference and re-viewing intention vary with the landscape uniformity of in-forest landscapes.Among them,many spatial cognitive characteristics should be optimized in random distribution for in-forest landscape,arousing higher satisfaction preference and re-viewing intention. [Conclusion]Based on the above analysis,we recommend that Spatial cognitive characteristics that arouse participants'visual-behavior,satisfaction preference and re-viewing intention vary with the landscape uniformity of in-forest landscapes.Among them,many spatial cognitive characteristics should be optimized in random distribution for IFL,arousing higher satisfaction preference and re-viewing intention.
高宇;李澍;赵冲宇;张桐;
沈阳农业大学 沈阳 110161;沈阳农业大学 沈阳 110161;沈阳农业大学 沈阳 110161;沈阳农业大学 沈阳 110161;
fforest landscape landscape uniformity visual behavior spatial cognitive characteristic re-viewing intention
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