作物双生病毒致病机制与抗病毒技术研发进展OA

Geminiviruses represent a major family of plant DNA viruses that impose devastating threats to the production of economically critical crops,such as tomato,tobacco,soybean,and cotton.The pathogenicity of these viruses relies on intricate and precisely orchestrated interactions among viral virulence factors,host susceptibility factors,and host resistance components.Over the past five years,the project"Pathogenic Mechanisms and Green Control Technologies of Crop Geminiviruses"has achieved a series of landmark advances in dissecting novel pathogenic mechanisms of geminiviruses,regulatory strategies by which host susceptibility factors facilitate viral infection,defensive pathways through which host resistance factors impede viral invasion,as well as the development of nucleic acid editing systems for precision control of geminiviruses.This review systematically synthesizes progresses on the discovery and functional characterization of newly identified virulence proteins encoded by tomato yellow leaf curl virus and other related geminiviruses,including V3,C5,C6,C7,cC4 and mC4 proteins,as well as structurally and functionally distinct V2 variants;molecular mechanisms underlying host susceptibility factors,including bZIP60,CRWN2,UbEF1B,and CCR4/NOT3,alongside host resistance regulators such as OSB1,HMP04,and ATG5-ATG7-ATG8a,unveiling multilayered dynamic virus-host crosstalk that modulates chloroplast immunity,autophagy,endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis,and nuclear immune regulation.Additionally,this article reviews cutting-edge progress in antiviral biotechnological innovations,including targeted editing of host susceptibility genes UbEF1B,and CCR4/NOT3,dCas9-SunTag-mediated viral DNA methylation modification,and LbCas12a-based large-fragment genomic deletion strategies.Collectively,this research program has profoundly expanded the current understanding of the hidden coding potential,pathogenic regulatory networks,and sophisticated virus-host interaction mechanisms of geminiviruses,providing new theoretical foundations and technical platforms for the identification of antiviral targets,breeding of disease-resistant crop varieties,and the green,precision,and sustainable control of geminivirus-induced crop diseases.