小胶质细胞异质性及其在多发性硬化症中的研究进展OA

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a chronic immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.As the resident innate immune cells of the CNS,microglia exert dual regulatory effects throughout the disease course,encompassing both detrimental and reparative functions.Numerous studies have confirmed that microglia exhibit significant heterogeneity across development,aging,and pathological states,and multiple subpopulations have been identified,including proliferative region-associated microglia,disease-associated microglia,interferon-responsive microglia,and microglia inflamed in MS.This review summarizes the current state of microglial heterogeneity research and its implications in MS,with a particular focus on the mechanisms underlying their regulation of neuroinflammation and remyelination.It provides a theoretical reference for precision therapies targeting microglial subpopulations and offers novel insights for the clinical management of MS.