大豆异黄酮对饲喂氧化鱼油仔猪血清指标与肠道发育的影响OA

[Objective]This study investigated the effects of oxidized fish oil on growth performance,intestinal development and mucosal immunity in newborn piglets,thereby evaluating the protective role of soy isoflavones and their potential molecular mechanisms.[Method]Ninety-six four-day-old male Duroc×Landrace×Large White three-way crossbred pigs with similar body weights(1.78 kg±0.04 kg)were selected and randomly assigned to four groups:Fresh fish oil group(FF),oxidized fish oil group(OF),oxidized fish oil+20 mg/kg soy isoflavones group(OF+20SI)and oxidized fish oil+40 mg/kg soy isoflavones group(OF+40SI).Each group comprised 6 replicates,with 4 pigs per replicate,over a 21 day trial period.During the trial period,daily diarrhoea scoring and feed intake measurements were conducted on the piglets,with average daily weight gain calculated for each stage.On day 21 of the trial,blood samples were collected from the piglets to isolate serum for assessment of endocrine,antioxidant,and immunoglobulin parameters.After blood collection,the piglets were slaughtered and the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum,along with mucosal tissue were obtained for morphological analysis and determination of biochemical,oxidative stress,and immune-inflammatory markers.[Result]①The growth performance results showed that compared with FF group,the 21-day body weight and average daily gain of piglets in OF group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the 1-21 day piglet feed-to-weight ratio and diarrhea score were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with OF group,the diarrhea scores of OF+20SI and OF+40SI groups of piglets were significantly decreased(P<0.05).②The results of various serum indicators showed that compared with FF group,the contents of triiodothyronine(T3),thyroxine(T4),insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)and the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in the serum of OF group of piglets were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with OF group,the content of T3 in the serum of OF+20SI and OF+40SI groups of piglets was significantly increased(P<0.05),the content of MDA in the serum of OF+20SI group of piglets was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the activities of catalase(CAT)and GSH-Px in the serum of OF+40SI group of piglets were significantly decreased(P<0.05).③The results of intestinal morphology and oxidative indicators showed that compared with FF group,the villous height of duodenum in OF group of piglets was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity and GSH/oxidized glutathione(GSSG)level in jejunum mucosal of piglets were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the activity of cysteine aspartate protease-3(caspase-3),MDA and GSSG contents were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with OF group,the villous height of duodenum of OF+20SI group of piglets was significantly increased(P<0.05),the activities of GSH-Px and CAT in jejunum mucosal of piglets were significantly increased(P<0.05),the contents of MDA and GSSG were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the activity of T-SOD in jejunum mucosal of OF+40SI group of piglets was significantly increased(P<0.05),the contents of MDA,GSSG and caspase-3 activity were significantly decreased(P<0.05).④ The results of intestinal immune indicators showed that compared with FF group,the contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),IL-2 and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)in jejunum mucosal of OF group of piglets were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the contents of secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA)and IL-4 were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with OF group,the contents of IL-1β and IL-2 in jejunum mucosal of OF+20SI group of piglets were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the content of sIgA was significantly increased(P<0.05).The contents of IL-1β,IL-2,TNF-α and NF-κB in jejunum mucosal of OF+40SI group of piglets were significantly decreased(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Oxidized fish oil could reduce growth performance in neonatal piglets,as well as trigger intestinal oxidative stress,structural damage and disruption of jejunum mucosal immunity.Under the experimental conditions,supplementation with 20 and 40 mg/kg soybean isoflavones effectively alleviated diarrhoea induced by oxidized fish oil.Among them,20 mg/kg soybean isoflavone group showed superior effects in improving intestinal morphology,whereas 40 mg/kg soybean isoflavone exerted more pronounced impacts on enhancing intestinal immune function and inhibiting cell apoptosis.