高危妊娠患者药品不良反应的临床特征及影响因素研究OA

Background Patients with high-risk pregnancy often have multiple complications,and drug safety in this special physiological state has attracted increasing attention.At present,studies on the clinical characteristics and risk factors of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in this population remain limited,and evidence for targeted medication risk assessment is lacking.Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of ADR in hospitalized patients with high-risk pregnancy,and to provide a reference for safe medication use.Methods Clinical data from 402 hospitalized patients with high-risk pregnancy admitted to Women and Children's Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2024 to May 2025 were retrospectively collected.Suspected ADR were assessed using the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale.Patients were divided into an ADR group and a non-ADR group according to the occurrence of ADR.The clinical characteristics of ADR were analyzed,and multivariate Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with ADR occurrence in patients with high-risk pregnancy.Results A total of 53 patients experienced ADR,with an incidence of 13.18%.The severity of ADR was mainly mild(50.94%,27/53)and moderate(49.06%,26/53).ADR involved 11 suspected drugs,mainly drugs for the reproductive system,endocrine system,and anti-infective agents.The main drugs causing ADR were ritodrine hydrochloride injection(72.22%,13/18),magnesium sulfate injection(47.06%,24/51),and human insulin injection(19.05%,4/21).Clinical manifestations of ADR included chest tightness,tachycardia,and nausea,and mainly led to systemic diseases and various administration site reactions,gastrointestinal diseases,and cardiac disorders.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that longer hospitalization duration(OR=1.085,95%CI=1.020-1.156)and a greater number of prescriptions(OR=1.177,95%CI=1.027-1.349)were independent risk factors for ADR in hospitalized patients with high-risk pregnancy(P<0.05),whereas higher gestational age(OR=0.906,95%CI=0.854-0.962)was a protective factor for ADR occurrence in patients with high-risk pregnancy(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of ADR in patients with high-risk pregnancy was 13.18%,and most cases were mild to moderate.The main implicated drugs were ritodrine hydrochloride injection,magnesium sulfate injection,and human insulin injection.Hospitalization duration,gestational age,and number of prescriptions were factors associated with ADR occurrence in this population.In clinical medication management,targeted strategies for safe drug use can be implemented according to these factors to improve medication safety.