瘤胃纤毛虫及其新型细胞器"氢小体"调控反刍动物甲烷排放的机制OA

Reducing rumen methane emissions is important for improving energy-use efficiency in ruminants and mitigating the greenhouse effect.Previous studies of rumen methanogenesis have focused primarily on prokaryotic microbes,whereas rumen protozoa,which constitute a substantial proportion of the rumen microbial biomass,have received limited attention.Recently,researchers from the Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,and other institutions jointly established genomic and live culture resources for rumen ciliates and discovered a novel hydrogen-producing organelle termed the hydrogenobody.These advances provided basis for elucidating rumen ciliate composition,metabolic functions and their relationships with methane production.This article reviewed the community structure and functions of rumen ciliates,discussed the structural characteristics and biological functions of the hydrogenobody and its role in rumen methanogenesis,and proposed nutritional strategies targeting key ciliate groups and their hydrogen-producing processes,thereby providing new approaches for methane mitigation.