生物有机肥研究进展及其在农业可持续发展中的应用前景OA

Bio-organic fertilizers are green agricultural inputs that integrate the functional activity of microbial fertilizers with the soil-improving properties of organic matter.They show great potential in reducing chemical fertilizer use,improving nutrient use efficiency,and promoting sustainable agricultural development.This review systematically summarizes their core components(organic matter and functional microorganisms),multiple mechanisms of action(including improvement of soil physicochemical properties,promotion of crop growth,reshaping the rhizosphere microecology,and synergistic regulation between the rhizosphere and plant internal processes),as well as their applications in enhancing crop yield and quality,improving stress resistance,restoring degraded soils,and facilitating nutrient recycling.However,their large-scale application is still constrained by challenges such as unstable environmental adaptability of microbial inoculants,high production costs,delayed fertilizer effectiveness,and the lack of a well-established quality standard system.Future research should focus on the rational design of synthetic microbial communities,the synergistic mechanisms of microbe-organic-mineral interactions,and the development of intelligent and green production technologies.With strengthened policy support and full-chain regulatory systems,these challenges can be addressed,providing key technological support for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and advancing the green transformation of agriculture.