欧盟双碳市场的制度逻辑、治理机制对深化我国碳市场建设的启示OACHSSCD

The European Union will officially launch the European Union Emissions Trading System 2(EU ETS2)in 2028,establishing a complementary mechanism with the existing EU ETS1 to jointly support the achievement of carbon neutrality goals.Based on an analysis of the institutional design,governance mechanisms,and similarities and differences between EU ETS2 and EU ETS1,this study examines the institutional logic,governance mechanisms,and potential risks associated with the EU's establishment of a dual carbon market system.By reviewing the current development of China's carbon market and the experiences of pilot carbon markets,this study identifies several challenges that remain in the expansion of China's carbon market.These challenges include the need to improve management efficiency across carbon markets of different scales,clarify the coordination between the carbon market and the carbon emission dual-control system,strengthen the Monitoring,Reporting,and Verification(MRV)framework for incorporating non-CO2 greenhouse gases,balance effective carbon price transmission with pressures on economic development,and overcome international carbon barriers.Under the framework of the carbon emission dual-control system,this paper proposes policy recommendations for deepening China's carbon market development.These include:optimizing research on carbon market expansion pathways to provide scientific support for orderly expansion and functional enhancement;strengthening coordination between the carbon market and the carbon emission dual-control system to establish a systematic emission reduction mechanism oriented toward carbon neutrality;developing a tiered MRV system to provide technical pathways for incorporating non-CO2 greenhouse gases into the carbon market;improving allowance allocation and compensation mechanisms to achieve an effective balance between equity and efficiency through market governance;and strengthening the alignment of cross-border carbon trading rules and international cooperation to enhance China's voice in carbon governance rule-making.