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生成式人工智能何以支持深度认知建构?OA

How Does Generative Artificial Intelligence Support Deep Cognitive Construction?

中文摘要英文摘要

生成式人工智能正加速融入教学实践,但外部智能支持如何转化为学习者深层认知发展仍有待阐明.针对当前GenAI教育应用易产生"认知债务"、多停留在浅层工具使用的现实困境,研究首先厘清深度认知建构的内涵,提炼出知识关联与结构重组、认知外化与表达建构、反思监控与元认知调节、认知迁移与社会协作四项递进式核心认知需求.基于此,提出认知共振概念作为系统化分析框架,从条件—过程—结果三个层面阐释GenAI支持深度认知建构的内在原理,提出结构对齐、交互对齐、目标对齐与境脉对齐是认知共振发生的先决条件,并进一步解析了概率重组、对话交互、内容幻觉与多元角色四种机制支持深度认知建构的作用路径,据此提出多源关联导向的情境设计、过程外化取向的对话设计、批判检验取向的任务设计与协作迁移指向的角色设计四条教学原则.研究旨在为理解GenAI支持深度认知建构的内在机理提供更具整合性的分析视角,也为推动GenAI从生成答案的工具性使用转向生长思维的建构性支持提供设计参照.

Generative artificial intelligence is accelerating its integration into teaching practice,but how external intelligence support translates into learners' deep cognitive development remains to be elucidated.Aiming at the question of"how does GenAI support deep cognitive construction",this paper proposes the concept of"Cognitive Resonance"as a systematic analysis framework based on the core needs of deep cognitive construction,and explains its basic connotation from the three levels of condition-process-result:structural alignment,interactive alignment,goal alignment and context alignment as prerequisites,human-machine collabora-tion between external intelligence support and learners' active processing as a process,and cognitive input enhancement,cognitive regulation initiation,cognitive construction promotion and cognitive transfer generation as enhancement results.Based on this frame-work,this paper further analyzes the four mechanisms of probabilistic recombination,dialogic interaction,hallucination,and multi-role simulation to support the construction of deep cognition,and puts forward four principles of scenario design oriented toward multi-source integration,dialogue design oriented toward process extemalization,task design oriented toward critical evaluation,and role de-sign oriented toward collaborative transfer.The purpose of this study is to provide a more integrated explanatory perspective for under-standing the internal mechanism of GenAI's support for deep cognitive construction,and to provide a design reference for promoting GenAI from the instrumental use of generating answers to the constructive support of cognitive development.

骈扬;余胜泉

北京教育学院信息科技教育学院(北京100120)北京师范大学未来教育高精尖创新中心(北京102206)

社会科学

生成式人工智能认知共振深度认知建构人机协同教学设计

Generative artificial intelligenceCognitive resonanceDeep cognitive constructionHuman-AI collaborationInstructional design

《远程教育杂志》 2026 (5)

28-36,9

2025年度北京市数字教育研究课题"基于EPBL理论的北京市高中人工智能通识课程开发与应用研究"(项目编号:BDEC2025619113).

10.15881/j.cnki.cn33-1304/g4.2026.05.004

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