高速列车牵引供电能量传输及系统防护研究综述OA

The traction power supply system is the core of energy supply for high-speed railway,and its energy transmission and protection technologies are directly related to train operational safety and service performance.The research progress of energy transmission and system protection for traction power supply of high-speed railway was reviewed systematically from three perspectives:pantograph-catenary current collection,ground return current,and overvoltage protection.In terms of pantograph-catenary current collection,the characteristics and evolution mechanisms of the pantograph-catenary arc were analyzed,the effects of complex environments on pantograph-catenary arc behavior and pantograph carbon contact strip ablation were discussed,and prevention methods such as pantograph-catenary structural optimization and contact interface regulation were summarized.Regarding ground return current,the circuit coupling and electromagnetic induction coupling mechanisms of the"train-rail"ground return current were elaborated.The electrical erosion hazards of ground current on bearings and rails were analyzed,and optimization and suppression strategies for ground current and ground potential were summarized.In terms of overvoltage protection,the generation mechanisms of switching overvoltage,pantograph-catenary arcing overvoltage,wheel-rail rolling arcing overvoltage,and lightning overvoltage were reviewed,the effects of overvoltage on primary-and secondary-side equipment of traction transformers and on-board sensors were analyzed,and suppression methods for different types of overvoltage as well as protective measures for equipment terminals were summarized.Finally,the shortcomings of current research were summarized,and it was proposed that future research should focus on source-side suppression of pantograph-catenary arcs,simulation-based optimization of grounding systems,and multi-level coordinated protection against overvoltage.Combined with digital twin and intelligent monitoring technologies,the safety and reliability of energy transmission for traction power supply can be improved.