空间配置对青贮玉米‖拉巴豆间作系统生产力、饲草品质及经济效益的影响OA

Optimizing cereal/legume intercropping systems is an effective strategy for improving forage productivity and nutritive quality in irrigated agricultural regions.However,the extent to which different spatial configurations regulate crop growth,interspecific competition,system productivity,and economic returns in silage maize/lablab intercropping systems remains unclear.To address this issue,a two-year field experiment was conducted from 2021 to 2022 using silage maize and lablab as test crops.Sole-cropped silage maize(SM)and sole-cropped lablab(SL)were used as controls,and four silage maize/lablab intercropping patterns with different lablab proportions were established:ML1,ML2,ML3,and ML4,corresponding to one,two,three,and four lablab seeds intercropped with silage maize,respectively.Forage production performance,interspecific relationships,nutritive quality,and economic benefits were systematically evaluated under different planting patterns.The results showed that intercropping significantly improved system forage yield and altered interspecific competitive relationships.Silage maize was the dominant competitor,with an aggressivity value of 0.82 and a competitive ratio of 4.33,and its fresh forage yield increased significantly.In contrast,lablab was the weaker competitor,with an aggressivity value of-0.82 and a competitive ratio of 0.36,and its fresh forage yield decreased compared with sole cropping.All intercropping treatments produced higher system productivity than sole cropping.Among them,ML2 achieved the highest total fresh forage yield(110190.79 kg/hm2)and total digestible nutrient yield(21056.30 kg/hm2),which were 32.1％and 30.56％higher than those of SM,respectively.In addition,increasing the proportion of lablab in the intercropping system significantly improved the nutritive quality of mixed forage.Compared with SM,ML4 increased crude protein content,total digestible nutrients,and relative feed value by 12.8％,25.3％,and 23.5％,respectively,showing the best overall nutritive value.However,excessive lablab proportion reduced the yield advantage of the intercropping system,indicating a trade-off between forage yield and nutritive quality.Considering yield performance,forage nutritive quality,and economic benefits,ML2,namely silage maize intercropped with two lablab seeds,was identified as the suitable spatial configuration for developing a high-yield and high-quality silage maize/lablab intercropping system in the northwest irrigated region.This configuration provides a practical planting pattern for improving forage supply and optimizing cereal/legume intercropping production in irrigated areas.