中国三大城市群社会空间结构与模式比较OA

In China,urban agglomerations are key spatial carriers of new urbanization and coordinated regional development.Existing studies on urban agglomerations have mainly focused on morphological structure,functional linkage,economic networks,and transportation connectivity,leaving the socio-spatial dimension relatively unattended.Studies on socio-spatial differentiation have also failed to address the cross-city distribution and hierarchical differentiation of socioeconomic groups within large urban agglomerations,mostly because these studies have largely concentrated on individual cities or neighborhoods.To address this gap,this paper takes the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region,the Yangtze River Delta(YRD),and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)as comparative cases.Based on the 2023 Baidu Huiyan population profile data,this study constructs a Socioeconomic Status Index(SESI)that integrates four indicators,namely,the proportions of high-income,highly educated,white-collar occupational,and high-consumption groups.Using standardized grid units,entropy weighting,natural breaks classification,and spatial visualization,this study compares the socio-spatial hierarchy,spatial distribution characteristics,and differentiation patterns of the three major urban agglomerations.The results show that socioeconomic attributes in all three agglomerations are concentrated in core cities,but their concentration patterns differ.The BTH features a high concentration of high-value groups in Beijing,the YRD exhibits a polycentric distribution,and the GBA is characterized by concentration around the Pearl River Estuary.The socio-spatial hierarchy also varies across the three regions.The BTH features a"middle-raised and two-end asymmetric"structure dominated by the middle level and with relatively prominent high and low levels,depicting a relatively strong degree of differentiation.The YRD forms an"olive-shaped"structure dominated by middle-level social spaces,reflecting relatively smoother hierarchical transitions.The GBA shows a structure dominated by high-level social spaces and a very small proportion of low-level spaces.This paper identifies three differentiated patterns:"Core Concentration and Stratified Disparity"in the BTH,"Multi-core Support and Axial Extension"in the YRD,and"Bay-area Concentration and High-level Equilibrium"in the GBA.It also develops a multidimensional explanatory framework that includes administrative resources and urban hierarchy,industrial division and employment opportunities,housing costs and livelihood opportunities,transport accessibility and spatial foundations,and openness and institutional coordination.This study extends socio-spatial research from the intra-urban scale to the urban agglomeration scale,integrates population big data with socioeconomic indicators,and offers policy implications for identifying socially disadvantaged spaces,stabilizing the middle strata,and promoting more equitable access to education,employment,housing,healthcare,and public services.