秦岭山区极端温度和降水变化特征及其对植被的影响OA
Variation characteristics of extreme temperature and precipitation and their effects on vegetation in the Qinling Mountains
秦岭作为中国南北气候分界线与重要生态安全屏障,是气候变化敏感区与生态脆弱带,其极端气候演变及对植被的影响直接关系区域生态稳定,开展针对性研究具有重要理论价值与现实意义.为明确秦岭山区极端气候演变规律及其对植被的影响,以2000-2025年秦岭山区38个气象站数据和归一化植被指数(NDVI)为基础,基于14种极端气温相关指数和10种极端降水相关指数,采用趋势分析与相关性分析等方法,揭示极端气候的时空变化特征,分析极端气候指数与NDVI的相关性.结果表明:(1)极端气温呈暖事件增强、冷事件加剧且空间差异显著的特征,季节差异明显,冬季增温幅度最大、夏季高温事件激增、春秋季增温平缓,暖事件频次增加但持续时间缩短,冷事件强度增大而频率分化,空间格局与地形密切相关.(2)极端降水整体呈全域显著增强态势,春秋季趋于湿润化、夏季强降水集中、冬季极端降水偏弱,降水强度、频次与总量同步上升,仅干旱持续时间下降,局部存在时空分配失衡.(3)NDVI全年及四季均呈显著增长,其中冬季增速最快、春秋季次之、夏季相对平缓.(4)NDVI与降水、夜间温度呈显著正相关,寒冷与干旱类指数对NDVI影响较弱.研究明确了秦岭山区各类极端气候指数对植被指数的影响特征,成果可为秦岭山区生态保护修复、极端气候风险防控、植被科学管理与生态安全屏障建设提供数据支撑与科学依据.
As the North-South climate boundary and an important ecological security barrier in China,the Qin-ling Mountains are highly sensitive to climate changes and ecologically fragile.Because extreme climate evolu-tion and its impact on vegetation are directly related to regional ecological stability,conducting targeted research in these mountains is of significant theoretical value and practical urgency.To clarify the evolution law of ex-treme climate and its impact on vegetation in the Qinling Mountains,this study used data from 38 meteorological stations and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)remote sensing data from the Qinling Mountains from 2000 to 2025.Based on 14 extreme temperature-related indices and 10 extreme precipitation-related indi-ces,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of extreme climate were revealed using trend and correla-tion analyses,and the correlation between extreme climate indices and NDVI was analyzed.The results demon-strate that(1)the extreme temperature was characterized by enhanced warm events,intensified cold events,and significant spatial differences.The seasonal differences are obvious.Specifically,winter warm events exhibit the largest amplitude,and summer high-temperature events increase rapidly.In contrast,temperature increases in spring and autumn are more gradual.Furthermore,warm events are becoming more frequent but shorter in dura-tion,whereas cold events are increasing in intensity with diverging frequency trends.The spatial pattern is closely related to the terrain.(2)The extreme precipitation exhibited a significant increasing trend in the entire region.The extreme precipitation tended to be moist in spring and autumn,concentrated in summer,and weak in winter.The intensity,frequency,and total amount of precipitation increased synchronously.Only the duration of drought decreased,and there was an imbalance in temporal and spatial distributions in some parts.(3)NDVI increased significantly throughout the year and all four seasons,with the fastest growth rate observed in winter,followed by spring and autumn,and a relatively flat rate observed in summer.(4)NDVI was significantly positively correlat-ed with precipitation and night temperature,whereas the cold and drought indices had a weak impact on NDVI.The results can provide data support and serve as a scientific basis for ecological protection and restoration,ex-treme climate risk prevention and control,scientific vegetation management,and ecological security barrier con-struction in the Qinling Mountains.
金丽娜;徐怡珊;钟延琴;燕若彤;张高健;杨睿
西安市生态与农业气象中心(西咸新区气象服务中心),陕西 西安 710016西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院,陕西 西安 712000榆林市人工影响天气服务中心,陕西 榆林 719000陕西省大气探测技术保障中心,陕西 西安 710014西安市生态与农业气象中心(西咸新区气象服务中心),陕西 西安 710016西安市生态与农业气象中心(西咸新区气象服务中心),陕西 西安 710016
秦岭山区植被指数极端气候相关分析降水
Qinling Mountainsvegetation indexextreme climatecorrelation analysisprecipitation
《干旱区研究》 2026 (10)
2082-2097,16
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目—面上项目(2025JC-YBMS-325,2025JC-YBMS-536)
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