基于元动作单元的数控机床精度退化预测方法OA

Accurate prediction of precision degradation in CNC machine tools is essential for ensuring machining quality.This paper proposes a precision prediction method based on the hierarchical framework of"function-motion-action".Starting from meta-action unit components,the method quantifies error propagation by incorporating both adhesive wear and abrasive wear models.Precision degradation functions are established through analysis of the geometric and kinematic relationships among machine tool components.The evolution of machining accuracy is then derived using multi-body system theory and homogeneous coordinate transformation matrices.Unlike data-driven approaches,the proposed method enables reliable precision prediction without requiring actual machining data.Experimental validation on a Nanjing CNC lathe demonstrates a mean prediction error of 4 μm,indicating superior interpretability and prediction accuracy compared with conventional methods.The proposed method offers both a theoretical foundation and a practical solution for monitoring and maintaining the accuracy of CNC machine tools.