中国西门塔尔牛与新疆褐牛生长性能及养殖成本收益比较研究OA
Comparison of growth performance,breeding cost and benefit between Chinese Simmental cattle and Xinjiang Brown cattle
[目的]本研究旨在比较中国西门塔尔牛与新疆褐牛在同等舍饲条件下的生长性能、养殖成本及成本收益差异,为新疆肉牛品种选型、育肥模式优化与出栏时间确定提供数据支撑.[方法]通过开展300 d同质化舍饲育肥对照试验,比较2个品种的单位增重成本、饲草料边际毛利与投入产出比.[结果]中国西门塔尔牛各月龄体重均极显著高于新疆褐牛(P＜0.01),平均日增重1.51 kg/d,显著高于新疆褐牛的1.18 kg/d(P＜0.05);西门塔尔牛日均饲草料成本28.79元,高于新疆褐牛的23.86元,但单位增重饲草料成本(18.63元/kg)低于新疆褐牛(19.86元/kg);西门塔尔牛单头增重产值、饲草料边际毛利显著高于新疆褐牛,饲草料投入产出比1.36∶1,优于新疆褐牛的1.27∶1.[结论]研究认为,规模化舍饲育肥模式下,中国西门塔尔牛生长速度快、饲料转化效率高、单位增重成本低、饲草料边际毛利高,综合经济效益显著优于新疆褐牛;新疆褐牛耐粗饲、日均饲喂投入低,更适配放牧及半放牧养殖模式.建议规模化标准化牛场优先选用中国西门塔尔牛,拥有天然草场的农牧户可差异化饲养新疆褐牛.
[Objective]The purpose of this study was to compare the growth performance,breeding cost and cost-benefit differences between Chinese Simmental cattle and Xinjiang brown cattle under the same barn feeding conditions,and to provide data support for the selection of Xinjiang beef cattle varieties,the optimization of fattening mode and the determination of slaughter timing.[Method]A 300-day homogeneous barn-feeding fattening controlled trial was conducted.The two breeds were compared in terms of cost per unit weight gain,marginal gross profit from forage feed,and input-output ratio.[Result]The findings revealed that:Chinese Simmental cattle exhibited significantly higher body weights at all monthly age points than Xinjiang Brown cattle,with an average daily gain of 1.51 kg/d,markedly higher than the 1.18 kg/d recorded for Xinjiang Brown cattle;the daily forage feed cost for Simmental cattle was CNY 28.79,higher than the CNY 23.86 for Xinjiang Brown cattle;however,the feed cost per unit weight gain was lower for Simmental(CNY 18.63/kg)than for Xinjiang Brown(CNY 19.86/kg);Simmental cattle had significantly higher weight gain output value and forage feed marginal gross profit per head,and achieved a feed input-output ratio of 1.36:1,outperforming the 1.27:1 ratio of Xinjiang Brown cattle.[Conclusion]It is concluded that under large-scale barn-fattening systems,Chinese Simmental cattle exhibit faster growth rates,superior feed conversion efficiency,lower unit weight-gain costs,and higher marginal returns,thus demonstrating significantly better overall economic performance than Xinjiang Brown cattle.Conversely,Xinjiang Brown cattle show greater roughage tolerance and lower daily feeding input costs,making them more suitable for grazing and semi-grazing systems.Therefore,it is recommended that large-scale standardised feedlots prioritise Chinese Simmental cattle,while farming-pastoral households with access to natural pastures may adopt differentiated feeding strategies for Xinjiang Brown cattle.
祖玲玲;任鹏翔;耿娟
阿克苏地区农业科技创新中心,新疆 阿克苏 843000阿克苏地区畜牧技术推广中心,新疆 阿克苏 843000新疆维吾尔自治区畜牧总站,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000
农业科技
中国西门塔尔牛新疆褐牛生长性能日增重养殖成本经济效益
Chinese Simmental cattleXinjiang Brown cattleGrowth performanceDaily gainBreeding costEconomic benefit
《中国畜禽种业》 2026 (10)
86-95,10
新疆重点产业人才支持计划肉牛产业技术体系(XARS-10-202602)新疆褐肉用新品系(种)育种体系的建立(2022A02001-1).
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