我国肉牛遗传改良"十四五"回顾与"十五五"展望:成效、瓶颈与攻坚路径OA

The beef cattle industry is a vital part of China's animal husbandry.During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,national beef cattle genetic improvement programs achieved remarkable progress via policy guidance,technological support and system construction,forming a collaborative pattern across regions,breeds and technologies.This paper reviews the implementation and outcomes of the programs,summarizes breeding experience of local,cultivated and introduced breeds,and analyzes advances in conventional and emerging breeding technologies.In view of the current shortcomings and challenges,this paper analyzes them from three dimensions:the structural imbalance in the development and conservation of native germplasm resources,the significant gap in production performance compared with international advanced levels,and the prominent structural contradictions in industrial development.Accordingly,it puts forward targeted recommendations from three aspects:consolidating the foundation for the conservation and development of native germplasm resources,benchmarking against international standards to accelerate production performance improvement,and taking coordinated measures to resolve structural contradictions in industrial development.This study is expected to provide theoretical references for genetic improvement of beef cattle during the 15th Five-Year Plan period,aiming to facilitate the innovative utilization of beef cattle germplasm resources,promote the achievement of independent and controllable germplasm sources in beef cattle genetic improvement,and provide theoretical reference and practical support for the revitalization of China's beef cattle seed industry,high-quality industrial development,and the building of a strong livestock country.