骨关节炎免疫治疗及新型技术研究进展OA

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a chronic condi-tion characterized by joint pain,functional impair-ment,and degeneration of articular cartilage.Cur-rently,there remains a lack of effective treatments capable of altering the disease progression.In re-cent years,advances in immunology,molecular bi-ology,stem cell technology,and genetic engineer-ing have driven forward research on OA therapies.Although targeted agents and non-specific anti-in-flammatory drugs have shown certain anti-inflam-matory or analgesic effects in some clinical trials,their overall efficacy remains limited and safety concerns persist.Meanwhile,emerging approaches such as immunotherapy,cell-based therapy,and gene therapy offer novel strategies for OA interven-tion,showing potential advantages in suppressing inflammation,preserving cartilage,and alleviating pain.However,issues such as long-term safety,durability of therapeutic effects,and patient stratifi-cation require further clarification.In the future,OA treatment is expected to evolve toward precise phe notyping,combined interventions,localized long-term immunomodulation,and innovative drug de-livery approaches.This review summarizes recent advances in the field to provide insights for optimiz-ing future therapeutic strategies for OA.