苯及苯系物接触作业人员职业健康检查结果分析OA

Objective To analyze abnormal findings and associated factors in occupational health examinations among workers exposed to benzene and benzene homologues.Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 workers exposed to benzene and benzene homologues who underwent occupational health examinations at Puyang Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital,Henan Province,from January to December 2023.Abnormal findings from laboratory tests,electrocardiography,and liver and spleen ultrasonography were analyzed.Results Among the 410 workers,the overall detection rate of abnormal complete blood count findings was 15.12%.The abnormality rates of white blood cell count(WBC),hemoglobin(Hb),red blood cell count(RBC),neutrophil count(NE),and platelet count(PLT)were 6.59%,3.41%,1.95%,1.95%,and 1.22%,respectively.Proteinuria was the main abnormal urinalysis finding,with a detection rate of 0.49%.Among biochemical indicators,alanine aminotransferase(ALT)had the highest abnormality rate,at 4.15%.Electrocardiographic abnormalities were detected in 223 workers,with an overall detection rate of 54.39%;sinus bradycardia and ST-T changes were each detected in 21.22%,sinus tachycardia in 11.22%,conduction block in 2.44%,and premature ventricular contractions in 0.73%.Abnormal liver and spleen ultrasonographic findings were detected in 139 workers,with an overall detection rate of 33.90%;the detection rates of fatty liver,hepatic cysts,hepatic hemangiomas,and splenomegaly were 26.83%,4.63%,1.95%,and 0.49%,respectively.The abnormality rates of WBC and ALT were 8.98%and 5.86%,respectively,in smokers,higher than the corresponding rates of 2.60%and 1.30%in nonsmokers(P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences were observed in the overall abnormality rate of complete blood count findings,WBC abnormality rate,or ALT abnormality rate according to sex or drinking status(P＞0.05).There were also no statistically significant differences between workers exposed to benzene alone and those exposed to benzene homologues in the abnormality rates of complete blood count,urinalysis,ALT,electrocardiography,or liver and spleen ultrasonography(P＞0.05).Urinary phenol was detectable in all 410 participants,with concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 12.5 mg/L.Conclusion Common abnormalities identified during occupational health examinations among workers exposed to benzene and benzene homologues included WBC abnormalities,ST-T changes,sinus bradycardia,and fatty liver.Smoking was statistically associated with WBC and ALT abnormalities,whereas sex and alcohol consumption showed no statistically significant associations with overall complete blood count abnormalities,WBC abnormalities,or ALT abnormalities.Because this study was based on cross-sectional occupational health examination data and lacked an unexposed control group and quantitative monitoring of workplace benzene concentrations,these abnormalities cannot be directly attributed to benzene or benzene homologue exposure.