精密测量雷达标定方法综述OA

Precision instrumentation radar calibration technology is a core process for ensuring radar measurement accuracy.With the evolution of radar systems from reflector mechanical scanning to phased array electronic scanning and the extension of applica-tion platforms from fixed stations to mobile platforms,entirely new challenges are faced by calibration technology.In this paper,the development of precision instrumentation radar calibration technology is systematically reviewed,and a comprehensive technical framework covering fundamental theory,calibration procedures,technical methods,and frontier trends is established.Firstly,the core terminologies,environmental requirements,and auxiliary equipment for calibration are elaborated.Secondly,the implementa-tion procedures for conventional calibration,comprehensive calibration,and specialized calibration are presented,and the advanta-ges,disadvantages,and applicable scenarios of these methods are compared.Furthermore,conventional calibration methods inclu-ding pedestal levelness,optical-mechanical axis misalignment,electro-optical axis misalignment,direction-finding sensitivity,an-gle zero-offset error,and distance zero-offset error are analyzed in depth,and comprehensive calibration approaches based on preci-sion orbit satellites,radio sources,and unmanned aerial vehicles are further elaborated in terms of their principles and procedures.The discussion is then extended to specialized calibration domains including radar cross section,wideband amplitude and phase distortion,and polarimetric scattering matrix.Finally,future development trends such as intelligent calibration,multi-source fu-sion calibration,novel facilities and technologies for calibration,as well as standardization and cloud platformization are explored.The research findings presented in this paper provide systematic theoretical guidance and technical references for the engineering implementation of calibration technologies for precision instrumentation radars.