面向城市低空安全的反无人机技术:从探测、识别到中和OA

While the booming low-altitude economy accelerates UAV adoption,unauthorized flights increasingly threaten urban safety,giving rise to collision,privacy-related,and security risks.Addressing this emerging airspace envi-ronment,anti-UAV technologies were reviewed systematically.Firstly,key urban low-altitude challenges were outlined:complex sensing environments,difficult target identification,and limited countermeasure options.Subsequently,main-stream technologies were reviewed across three stages:sensing(radar,RF,optical/infrared,acoustics,and multimodal fu-sion),identification(identity-and behavior-based methods),and countermeasures(jamming,spoofing/hijacking,physi-cal capture,and kinetic damage).Meanwhile,core evaluation metrics and experimental setups were summarized,high-lighting the gap between academia and industry.Finally,future trends were discussed toward networked sensing,intelli-gent identification,and collaborative countermeasures.