重金属复合胁迫下海南主栽水稻品种镉、铬低积累特性与种质初筛OA
Chromium and Cadmium Accumulation Characteristics of Main Rice Varieties Cultivated in Hainan Under Combined Stress of Heavy Metals and Preliminary Germplasm Screening
为筛选镉、铬低积累水稻品种,研究以海南主栽的 5 个籼型水稻品种为材料,通过土培试验模拟重金属复合污染,系统分析了供试水稻品种不同部位对 Cd、Cr 的积累特征,以及不同部位间的转运系数、对土壤中 Cd、Cr 的富集系数,同时探讨了各指标之间的相关性.结果表明:5 个水稻品种的单株产量存在显著差异,以海农红 2 号最高(18.01 g/株),海黑山栏1号最低(14.41 g/株),二者相差3.60 g/株;Cd、Cr在水稻各部位的分布不同,Cd表现为根部＞茎秆＞叶片≈稻壳≈糙米,Cr 表现为根部＞叶片＞稻壳＞茎秆＞糙米;各品种根部 Cd、Cr 含量差异均不显著,地上部 Cd 主要富集于茎秆部位,而地上部 Cr 主要富集于叶片和稻壳;其中茎秆 Cd、Cr 含量均以久久香 2 号最高、海农红 2 号最低,糙米中久久香 2 号 Cr 含量仍表现为最高(显著高于其他品种)、Cd 含量居中,而海农红 2 号的 Cd、Cr 含量均最低;转运系数方面,茎对 Cd 的转运能力远高于其他部位,各品种中海黑山栏 1 号和特优 248Cd 从根到茎的转运系数(TF茎/根)显著高于粤农丝苗,海黑山栏 1号Cd的TF叶/根显著高于其他品种,水稻不同部位Cr的转运能力由大到小排列依次为TF叶/根＞TF谷壳/根＞TF茎/根＞TF糙米/根,其中久久香 2 号 Cr 的 TF糙米/根显著高于其他品种;相关性分析表明,仅 Cr 的 TF糙米/根与 Cr 的糙米富集系数呈极显著正相关(r=0.998,P＜0.01),Cd 的糙米富集系数与各部位转运系数均无显著相关性.综合产量与糙米重金属含量,初步认为海农红 2 号是具备 Cd、Cr 低积累潜力的水稻品种.
This study aimed to screen the rice varieties with low cadmium(Cd)and chromium(Cr)accumulation from the five main indica rice varieties cultivated in Hainan.A soil culture experiment with simulated combined stress of Cd and Cr was carried out to examine the accumulation characteristics and transport coefficients of Cd and Cr in different parts of rice plants,the enrichment factors for Cd and Cr from soil,and the correlations among different indicators.The results showed that the yield per plant differed among the five rice varieties,being the highest in'Hainonghong 2'(18.01 g/plant)and the lowest in'Haiheishanlan 1'(14.41 g/plant),with a difference of 3.60 g/plant.The content of Cd and Cr varied in different parts of rice plants.The Cd content followed the trend of roots>stems>leaves ≈ rice husks ≈ brown rice,and the Cr content followed the trend of roots>leaves>rice husks>stems>brown rice.There was no significant difference in root Cd or Cr content among varieties.Aboveground Cd was mainly concentrated in stems,while aboveground Cr was mainly concentrated in leaves and rice husks.The Cd and Cr content in stems was the highest in'Jiujiuxiang 2'and the lowest in'Hainonghong 2'.The Cr content in brown rice was the highest in'Jiujiuxiang 2',which was significantly higher than that in the other varieties.The Cd content in brown rice was intermediate in'Jiujiuxiang 2'.'Hainonghong 2'had the lowest Cd and Cr content in brown rice.The ability of stems to transport Cd from roots was much higher than those of other parts.'Haiheishanlan 1'and'Teyan 248'had significantly higher Cd transport coefficients from root to stem(TFstem/root)than Yuenongsimiao,and'Haiheishanlan 1'had significantly higher Cd TFleaf/root than the other varieties.The transport capacity of Cr in different parts of rice plants was in descending order of TFleaf/root>TFrice husk/root>TFstem/root>TFbrown rice/root,and the Cr TFbrown rice/root of'Jiujiuxiang 2'was significantly higher than that of the other varieties.The correlation analysis revealed that only the TFbrown rice/root of Cr exhibited a extremely significantly positive correlation with the Cr enrichment factor of brown rice(r=0.998,P<0.01).The Cd enrichment factor of brown rice had no significant correlation with the TFs of different parts.Considering both the yield of rice and the heavy metal(Cd and Cr)content in brown rice,'Hainonghong 2'was considered as a rice variety with low accumulation potential of Cd and Cr.
吴宇佳;雷菲;张治军;曾建华;符传良;张文;张冬明
海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南 海口 571100海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南 海口 571100海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南 海口 571100海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南 海口 571100海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南 海口 571100海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南 海口 571100海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测实验站,海南 海口 571100
农业科技
重金属复合胁迫水稻镉铬低积累海南
combined stress of heavy metalsricecadmiumchromiumlow accumulationHainan
《湖南农业科学》 2026 (7)
1-6,6
海南省创新能力建设计划项目(KYYS-2021-36)
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