经皮耳穴电刺激对减药或不减药的慢性精神分裂症患者的阴性症状及认知功能的影响OA

Objective To investigate the effects of transcutaneous auricular electroacupuncture on negative symptoms and cognitive function in patients with chronic schizophrenia with or without medication reduction.Methods Sixty patients with chronic schizophrenia admitted to Zhongshan Third People's Hospital from January 2025 to June 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned to four groups:medication reduction+sham stimulation(n=15),no medication reduction+sham stimu-lation(n=15),medication reduction+real stimulation(n=15),and no medication reduction+real stimulation(n=15).Fifty-six patients completed the study and were included in the final analysis:14 in the medication reduction+sham stimulation group,14 in the no medication reduction+sham stimulation group,15 in the medication reduction+real stimulation group,and 13 in the no medication reduction+real stimulation group.The medication reduction+sham stimulation group received a 25％reduction in the baseline antipsychotic dose combined with transcutaneous auricular sham stimulation.The no medication reduction+sham stimula-tion group received the original antipsychotic dose com-bined with sham stimulation.The medication reduction+real stim ulation group received a 25％dose reduction combined with transcutaneous auricular electroacupuncture.The no medication reduction+real stimulation group received the original antipsychotic dose combined with transcutaneous auricular electroacupuncture.Positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS)scores and Wisconsin card sorting test(WCST)indices were assessed before and after intervention.Results After intervention,the comparison of PANSS negative scale scores among the four groups showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Among them,the PANSS negative scale score of the medication reduction+real stimulation group was lower than that of the no medication reduction+sham stimulation group,and the difference was statistically significant(ad-justed P＜0.05).After intervention,the comparison of general psychopathological scale scores among the four groups showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Among them,the general psychopathological scale score of the medication re-duction+real stimulation group was lower than that of the medication reduction+sham stimulation group and the no medication reduction+sham stimulation group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After intervention,the comparison of positive scale scores among the four groups showed no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).After intervention,the comparison of total responses,completed classifications,error responses,and persistent error numbers of the WCST among the four groups showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Among them,the total responses and persistent error numbers of the medication reduction+real stimulation group were lower than those of the medication reduction+sham stimulation group,and the error responses were lower than those of the medication reduction+sham stimulation group and the no medication reduction+sham stimulation group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The comparison of correct responses,continuous responses,and non-persistent errors among the four groups showed no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05).Conclusion Transcutaneous auricular electroacupuncture com-bined with antipsychotic dose reduction may improve negative symptoms and cognitive function in patients with chronic schizophrenia,whereas medication reduction alone or transcutaneous auricular electroacupuncture alone did not show clear benefits.