无膜覆盖水肥一体化下玉米滴灌制度研究OA

[Objective]The arid and semi-arid regions in Northwestern China are constrained by water scarcity,and improving irrigation and fertilization management is essential for sustaining agricultural production in these regions.This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the optimal drip fertigation regime for maize production under mulch-free conditions in these regions.[Method]The experiment was conducted in the Hetao Irrigation District,using the local variety'Xiongyu 581'as the model plant.It consisted of six irrigation treatments:2 250,3 000,3 750,4 500,5 250,and 6 000 m3/hm2.Water and fertilizer were applied at different growth stages via 12 drip irrigation events and 8 fertigation events,with the total fertilizer application in all treatments being 975 kg/hm2.During the experiment,we measured photosynthetic,growth and yield-related traits.[Result]①With increasing drip irrigation amounts,the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and intercellular CO2 concentration increased initially and then declined.The maximum net photosynthetic rate was 39.64 μmol/(m2·s),observed when the irrigation amount was 4 500 m3/hm2;the stomatal conductance was not significantly affected by irrigation amount(P＞0.05).②Plant height,stem diameter,ear traits and grain yield varied quadratically with drip irrigation amount.When irrigation exceeded 3 750 m3/hm2,a further increase in irrigation amount reduced stem diameter and ear diameter,while increasing ear-tip barrenness.Irrigation exceeding 5 250 m3/hm2 significantly reduced plant height,single-ear weight and grain yield.[Conclusion]Under drip fertigation without mulch in the Hetao Irrigation District,the estimated irrigation amount associated with the maximum maize grain yield(18 714.45 kg/hm2)was 4 656.15 m3/hm2.These findings provide a quantitative basis for optimizing drip fertigation and improving maize production in the Hetao Irrigation District.