生物质炭在盐碱地改良中的作用机制及研究进展OA

Soil salinization degrades soil quality,reduces nutrient availability,and disrupts soil structure,leading to soil compaction and further deterioration of soil quality.In severe cases,it causes a loss of soil productivity.These adverse effects not only reduce crop productivity but also hinder the efficient use of agricultural resources,posing a serious threat to food security.Biochar,characterized by a large specific surface area,a well-developed pore structure,high adsorption capacity and abundant nutrient-containing functional groups,has attracted increased attention as a soil amendment for remediation of saline-alkali soils.By altering soil physicochemical properties,regulating nutrient availability,and influencing microbial communities and their activities,biochar can alleviate the detrimental effects of soil salinity and improve soil quality and crop performance.This review summarizes recent advances in research on the effectiveness of biochar application in saline-alkali soils and systematically examines the underlying mechanisms,including changes in soil physicochemical properties,nutrient cycling and availability,microbial communities,and crop growth.We also discuss the key factors influencing the effectiveness of biochar application,including biochar properties,application rate,soil conditions,and environmental factors.Finally,we highlight current challenges and prospects for sustainable application of biochar in saline-alkali soils in large scales.This review provides a comprehensive reference for understanding the mechanisms underlying biochar-mediated soil improvement and facilitating its practical application in saline-alkali soils.