生成式人工智能推动资本生产组织变革的机理、效应与启示OACHSSCD

Driven by capital,generative artificial intelligence(GenAI)is sparking a revolutionary transformation in the organization of production.Based on Marx's theory of the labor process,this paper constructs an analytical framework for the"technology-division of labor-management"synergy mechanism to examine the intrinsic mechanisms through which GenAI drives changes in the organization of production,as well as its multidimensional effects.In terms of intrinsic mechanisms,on the technological dimension,GenAI drives the knowledge base from materialization toward digitization,and machines themselves evolve from carriers of execution logic to agents of generative logic;on the division of labor dimension,the human-machine relationship shifts from a logic of substitution to one of complementarity,with the granularity of the division of labor descending to the level of operational atoms,and the production process becoming embedded in networked,parallel collaboration;on the management dimension,control power shifts from personalized authority to algorithmic rules,management rules are transformed from natural language text into formalized code,and control loops are compressed from loose and lagging systems into real-time closed loops synchronized with production.The three dimensions—technology,division of labor,and management—mutually presuppose one another and accumulate cyclically,constituting the core driving mechanism of transformation in the organization of production.In terms of practical effects,the technological effect manifests as the objectification of general intellect triggering a leap in the structure of fixed capital,creating the reified illusion of machines autonomously creating value,while the radicalization of the organic composition of capital gives rise to downward pressure on profit rates;the effects of the division of labor manifest as the spatial separation of conception and execution,which deprives workers of their technical know-how and bodily autonomy,while capital's monopoly on computational power constructs value transfer channels from the periphery to the center,giving rise to a new form of monopoly risk;the effects of management manifest as the transfer of control to the data-driven"black box"of algorithms,where predictive surveillance internalizes external coercion into workers'self-compulsion,and competitive feedback interfaces invert the subject-object relationship between humans and machines.Capital's domination over labor has,in fact,achieved a more precise and covert form of realization under intelligent systems.In response,China's efforts to advance GenAI technology and drive transformation in production organization focus on three key areas:first,promoting a leap forward in GenAI-driven production organization through the deep integration of technological and industrial innovation;second,breaking free from the global pattern of digital dependency by establishing technological sovereignty;and third,correcting the alienating tendencies in the labor process by"investing in people".In this way,while fully harnessing the potential of GenAI technology,China will chart a path of modernization that transcends the logic of capital.