覆膜与增施肥对宁夏引黄灌区苹果园土壤性状及'岩富10号'品质的影响OA

[Objective]This study aimed to improve the soil environment and nutrient status.[Method]A field experiment was conducted with four treatments under surface mulching:conventional fertilization(CK),vermicom-post alone(T1),biofertilizer alone(T2),and combined application of vermicompost and biofertilizer(T3).Soil sam-ples were collected from two depths((0,20]cm and(20,40]cm)at different stages after flowering.Soil physical properties(water content,bulk density,electrical conductivity)and chemical properties(organic matter,pH,total salt,and available nutrients)were analyzed.Key fruit quality indicators were measured at maturity,and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)was employed for comprehensive evaluation.[Result](1)Soil water content decreased with increasing soil depth across all treatments,while bulk density increased.T3 treat-ment significantly increased water content in the(0,20]cm layer by 12.5%and reduced bulk density by 8.7%com-pared with CK.Soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,and available potassium contents peaked at 90 days after flowering,with the most pronounced increase observed in T3.(2)All fertilization treatments significantly re-duced soil pH and total salt content,with T3 showing the greatest improvement in salinity indicators.(3)T3 treat-ment significantly increased fruit firmness and soluble solids content,significantly reduced total acid content,and comprehensively improved fruit quality.[Conclusion]TOPSIS analysis indicated that the combined application of vermicompost and biofertilizer synergistically improves soil organic matter and optimizes nutrient supply.