不同紫叶罗勒种质表型、生理生化指标及挥发性组分的综合评价与相关分析OA

Ocimum basilicum var.purpurascens Benth.(purple basil)is valued for its distinctive purple leaves and abundant secondary metabolites,making it important for culinary,ornamental,and medicinal applications.However,studies on purple basil have mainly focused on single cultivars,individual traits,or specific functional components,while multidimensional comparative analyses of comprehensive traits among different purple basil germplasm accessions remain limited.In this study,six purple basil germplasm accessions were evaluated for their botanical traits,physiological and biochemical indicators,and volatile components,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore correlations among traits.The results showed that the six tested purple basil germplasm accessions differed markedly in phenotypic traits,physiological and biochemical indicators,and volatile component composition.Noticeable differentiation was observed in leaf color,morphological features,and inflorescence structure,with coefficients of variation ranging from 17.40％to 57.50％.Physiological and biochemical indicators,including relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value),total phenolic content,total flavonoid content,soluble sugar content,and the activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and catalase,also varied significantly among the six tested accessions.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis of mature leaves revealed two major volatile-component-based types among the tested accessions:methyl chavicol type and linalool-eucalyptol type.Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations in coloration among different plant tissues,highly significant negative correlation between total phenolic content and anthocyanin content,and between anthocyanin content and superoxide dismutase activity.These findings reflect certain relationships among botanical traits,physiological and biochemical indicators,and the antioxidant system.Based on comprehensive multi-index analysis,the tested accessions showed different utilization potentials for high total phenolic and flavonoid accumulation,relatively high antioxidant enzyme activity,high anthocyanin accumulation,and distinctive aroma characteristics.This study provides a multidimensional perspective on the relationships among phenotype,physiological and biochemical indicators,and leaf volatile composition in purple basil germplasm,and offers a reference for future purple basil germplasm evaluation,screening of functional materials,and targeted breeding.