RNAi在害虫防治中的脱靶效应及其规避策略OA
Off-target effects and mitigation strategies of RNA interference in pest control
RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)作为一种精准的基因沉默工具,在害虫绿色防控中展现出广阔的应用前景.然而,RNAi的脱靶效应所引发的非靶标生物安全风险,成为制约其推广应用的关键因素.该文系统综述了RNAi脱靶效应的分子机制,将其划分为序列特异性(专一性)与序列非特异性(非专一性)两类,分别涉及序列相似度、碱基匹配特征、基因转录水平、小干扰RNA/双链RNA、微小RNA以及RNA诱导沉默复合体装载保真度等介导的脱靶效应;总结影响脱靶效应的主要因素为双链RNA的结构特征、物种差异及双链RNA施用方式;采取双链RNA设计优化、微小RNA化学修饰以及基于脱靶预测软件和网站的评估方法等措施应对脱靶效应,以期为RNAi技术在害虫防治中的安全应用提供理论依据.
RNA interference(RNAi),as a precise gene-silencing technology,has shown great potential for application in sustainable pest management.However,the biosafety risks posed non-target organ-isms by RNAi off-target effects have become a major constraint on its widespread application.This review systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying RNAi off-target effects,classi-fying them into sequence-specific and sequence-independent categories.These mechanisms involve sequence similarity,base-pairing characteristics,gene transcription levels,small interfering RNA(siRNA)/double-stranded RNA(dsRNA),microRNA(miRNA),and the loading fidelity of the RNA-induced silencing complex(RISC).The key factors influencing off-target effects,including dsRNA structural features,species differences,and dsRNA delivery methods,are also summarized.In addition,current mitigation strategies,such as optimizing dsRNA design,chemically modifying siRNA,and applying off-target prediction software and webbased evaluation tools,are discussed.This review pro-vides a theoretical basis for the safe application of RNAi technology in pest control.
陈嘉生;黄云;李秀霞;彭英传;王康旭;徐鹿;盛成旺
安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥 230036安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥 230036安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥 230036江西农业大学昆虫研究所,南昌 330045南京财经大学食品科学与工程学院,江苏省现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心,南京 210023江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室,南京 210014安徽农业大学植物保护学院,合肥 230036
RNA干扰脱靶效应非靶标生物应对策略害虫防治
RNA interferenceoff-target effectnon-target organismmitigation strategypest control
《植物保护学报》 2026 (4)
881-891,11
安徽省农学相关领域研究生创新(创业)竞赛项目(2024cxcyjs011),安徽省自然科学基金青年项目(2408085QC096),国家自然科学基金面上项目(31972309)
评论