基于表型性状的1547份糜子种质资源遗传多样性分析与优异种质筛选OA

Broomcorn millet is a traditional grain crop in the Yellow River basin of northern China.In this study,1547 broomcorn millet accessions from different ecological regions were used as experimental materials.They were planted in two experimental bases(Shunyi,Beijing and Huining,Gansu)in 2024.Genetic diversity analysis based on phenotypes was conducted using 10 agronomic traits including main stem length,main stem diameter,main stem node number,and main panicle length.Comprehensive evaluation of the accessions was performed using principal component analysis and path analysis.The results showed that the 1547 broomcorn millet accessions exhibited abundant phenotypic diversity.The genetic diversity index of the 10 agronomic traits ranging from 1.978 to 2.098,with the main stem diameter showing the highest diversity index at both experimental sites.Correlation analysis indicated varying degrees of correlations among multiple traits,with panicle weight per plant showing highly significant positive correlation with grain weight per plant.Principal component analysis extracted 4 principal components,with a cumulative contribu-tion rate of 72.192%,representing plant type,single plant yield,grain-related traits and panicle type.Based on the combined evalua-tion integrating principal component analysis and breeding objectives,23 elite broomcorn millet accessions with favorable traits such as medium to short stature,large grains,high yield,and lodging resistance were identified.