费孝通调查研究36法:贯通"田野"与"庙堂"的方法论体系OACHSSCD

[Purpose/Significance]Mr.Fei Xiaotong is one of the most important founders of Chinese sociol-ogy.His investigation and research methods organically integrate the methodological essence of Western modern social sciences while being deeply rooted in the rich soil of China's rural society.It is great significance for building an independent knowledge system in Chinese philosophy and social sciences and for advancing Chinese-style mod-ernization.[Method/Process]This paper systematically reviews Fei Xiaotong's ideas on investigation and research,summarizing his numerous methods into"Fei Xiaotong's 36 Methods of Investigation and Research",covering five dimensions:research design,data collection,analytical tools,field insights,and academic mission.It elaborates on specific methods such as micro-dissection,learning from farmers,concept creation,cooperative investigation,and the practice-research-consultation-decision cycle,while also extracting his epistemological contributions at the level of paradigmatic characteristics.[Result/Conclusion]The study shows that Fei Xiaotong's methodology of investigation and research represents a typical model of Chinese-featured investigation and research.In the era of artificial intel-ligence and big data,his field spirit emphasizing"sense of presence"and"observing words and expressions"holds irreplaceable contemporary value for social science and think tank experts in overcoming the limitations of dataism and maintaining a profound perception and genuine understanding of social life.