功能性肥料添加对苹果园土壤氮磷钾分布及果实产量和品质的影响OA

To explore the effects of different functional fertilizers on soil,trees and fruit in apple orchard,a field experiment was carried out in Tang County,Baoding City,Hebei Province from 2021 to 2022.The main apple variety was'Red Fuji',and 5 treatments were set up:4 treatments were applied with 1 functional fertilizer on the basis of single application of chemical fertilizer.The 4 functional fertilizers were Genbaobei,Genzhenduo No.1,Genzhenduo No.2,Yigenjin Seaweed Element Liquid Microbial Inoculant,and chemical fertilizer application was used as the control.The results showed that the application of functional fertilizers could effectively improve the soil nutrient distribution in apple orchards.Genzhenduo No.1 treatment significantly increased the available phosphorus content in 0-60 cm soil layer,with an increase of 73.00％in fruit expansion period;during fruit harvest period,the available potassium content in 0-20 cm soil layer increased by 52.10％.The inorganic nitrogen content in 0-40 cm soil layer treated by Genbaobei increased by more than 65％on average.Functional fertilizer treatments increased leaf area by 3.5％-41.7％and leaf SPAD value by 14.0％-25.7％.Apple yield,vitamin C content and other indicators were improved.Among them,Genzhenduo No.1 and Genzhenduo No.2 treatments significantly improved yield and sugar-acid ratio.In conclusion,functional fertilizers can optimize soil nutrient supply in apple orchards,promote plant growth and improve apple yield and quality.However,different functional fertilizers have different improvement effects on apple trees and soil nutrients.In actual production,appropriate functional fertilizers should be selected according to local conditions based on soil conditions,tree demands and goal orientation,so as to achieve the comprehensive goals of quality improvement,efficiency enhancement and resource conservation.