脉冲电磁场对原发性骨质疏松症患者疼痛和骨密度的影响:一项随机对照试验的Meta分析OA

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic fields(PEMFs)on primary osteopo-rosis(OP)and provide scientific evidence for clinical application.Methods A systematic search of Chinese and English databases such as MEDLINE,EMBASE,CNKI was conducted from inception to April 11,2025.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)meeting predefined criteria were included.Literature quality was assessed using the physiotherapy evidence database(PEDro)scale(score≥6).Bone mineral density(BMD)at lumbar spine,femoral neck and total hip and visual analogue scale(VAS)pain scores were extracted.Meta-analysis was performed using Rev-Man 5.3 software.Results Twenty-nine RCTs were included.Meta-analysis revealed that PEMFs significantly improved lumbar spine BMD(SMD=0.49,95%CI:0.29-0.69,P＜0.000 01)and total hip BMD(SMD=1.30,95%CI:0.03-2.57,P=0.04)compared to the controls(placebo or other therapies),with sustained effects during follow-up.No significant difference in BMD at femoral neck was observed immediately post-treatment(SMD=0.06,95%CI:-0.07-0.20,P=0.35),but a significant improvement emerged during the follow-up(3-6 months:SMD=0.91,95%CI:0.23-1.60,P=0.009).PEMFs significantly reduced VAS scores(1-20 weeks:MD=-1.64,95%CI:-2.00--1.27,P＜0.000 01),with subgroup analysis demonstrating pain relief at all time points.The results were robust confirmed by sensitivity analysis,though potential publication bias was detected for 1-month post-treatment VAS scores.Other outcomes showed no significant bias.Conclusion PEMFs can effectively enhance lumbar spine and total hip BMD while alleviating pain in primary OP patients,though no immediate benefit is observed for femoral neck BMD.Ther-apeutic effects persisted over time,providing reliable evidence for non-pharmacological clinical management.Future stud-ies should standardize PEMFs parameters and carry out high-quality RCTs to validate long-term efficacy.