小叶苦丁提取物通过调控EHHADH表达预防小鼠高脂血症OA

Aim To investigate the preventive effect of different polar extracts from small-leaved Kuding tea on hyperlipidemia in mice and to explore the underly-ing mechanisms.Methods C57BL/6J mice were ran-domly assigned to the following groups:blank control group(Control),model group(HFD),ethyl acetate extract group(SLK-EA),n-butanol extract group(SLK-NA),aqueous extract group(SLK-WA),and positive control simvastatin(SV).All groups were first administered the drugs by gavage for eight weeks,followed by feeding with a high-fat diet for another eight weeks to induce the hyperlipidemic model.After the experimental,body mass,body fat mass,serum biochemical and inflammatory markers,hepatic oxida-tive stress parameters,and intrahepatic lipid content were measured.Liver pathology was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Oil Red O staining,and the expression of key fatty acid metabolism proteins(ACADM,EHHADH,HADHB)was determined by Western blotting.Results Compared with the control group,the HFD group exhibited significant increases in body mass,serum TC,TG and LDL-C levels,as well as hepatic lipid deposition(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).In contrast,all intervention groups showed significant reductions in body mass,adipose tissue weight,liver index,serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,GLU,and in-flammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,LPS)(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Additionally,hepatic SOD activity was significantly enhanced(P＜0.01)and MDA con-tent decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Histopathological and biochemical analyses confirmed that all interven-tions significantly alleviated liver tissue damage,ste-atosis,and the accumulation of TC and TG(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Western blot analysis revealed that the in-terventions specifically up-regulated the protein ex-pression of hepatic EHHADH(P＜0.05),but had no significant effect on the expression of ACADM and HADHB.Conclusions Preventive administration of small-leaved Kuding tea extract effectively mitigates metabolic disturbances and liver injury.The underly-ing mechanism is associated with the upregulation of hepatic EHHADH protein expression and enhanced an-tioxidant capacity.Among the tested fractions,the SLK-EA fraction exhibits the most potent preventive ef-fects,establishing it as the key active component.