从形态再生到功能重塑:缺血性脑卒中后血管修复研究进展OA

The high disability rate following ischemic stroke(IS)is fundamentally attributed to impaired neurological re-pair.Consequently,the structural integrity and functional re-modeling of blood vessels act as essential prerequisites for estab-lishing a favorable microenvironment for neural regeneration.This review outlines the recent paradigm shift in post-stroke vas-cular repair from sheer"morphological regeneration"towards systemic"functional remodeling".Specifically,it elucidates the pathological mechanisms underlying microcirculatory disor-ders,such as the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)and the imbalance of immune-vascular interactions,alongside the application of cutting-edge technologies like single-cell omics in microenvironment evaluation.Further-more,this review highlights emerging pharmacological interven-tions based on vascular normalization,engineered exosomes,and smart nanodelivery systems,aiming to provide novel in-sights into neurovascular unit protection and the development of innovative targeted therapeutics.