香菇单核菌株的交配型鉴定及杂交育种OA

To screen for elite Lentinula edodes strains suitable for large-scale cultivation,this study established an al-lele-specific PCR(AS-PCR)detection system based on mating-type typing primers(four pairs for each parent)derived from parental strains 0912 and Qihe No.9.This system was used to identify the mating types of monokaryotic mycelia de-rived from both parents.Subsequently,monokaryon crossings were performed to obtain hybrid strains,which were then subjected to fruiting trials to evaluate key agronomic traits including growth period,cap-to-stipe ratio,and biological effi-ciency.The results showed that AS-PCR technique accurately identified the mating types of 50 monokaryons from each of the parental strains 0912 and Qihe No.9.Fruiting trials were conducted on 11 selected hybrid strains,and several superior strains were identified:(1)Hybrid strain Q28×L28 exhibited the shortest fruiting bodies maturation period(97 days),while Q29×L4 showed the highest cap-to-stipe ratio(5.07).(2)Q9×L8 achieved the highest biological efficiency(66.40%)for the first and second flushes.(3)Q22×L20 exhibited biological efficiency intermediate between the two par-ents,with stable fruiting performance.In conclusion,AS-PCR enables efficient and accurate identification of mating types in L.edodes monokaryons and hybrid strains.The three types of hybrid strains selected in this study are respectively suit-able for large-scale production,industrialized cultivation,and traditional farming practices,providing high-quality germ-plasm resources for different cultivation modes of L.edodes.