肿瘤坏死因子抑制剂在儿童风湿免疫性疾病的应用OA

Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors(TNFi)are an important class of biological agents for the management of pediatric rheumatic and immune diseases.TNF-α is a key inflammatory cytokine overexpressed in various autoimmune conditions.TNFi play their therapeutic roles by specifically blocking the biological activity of TNF-α.Two main categories are used clinically:receptor fusion proteins(etanercept)and monoclonal antibodies(infliximab and adalimumab).Approved adult indications of TNFi include rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis;approved pediatric indications include polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis and non-infectious uveitis.In addition,TNFi have also shown clinical utility in refractory rheumatic diseases such as adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency and Behçet's disease.The overall safety profile is favorable in children.Screening for latent tuberculosis and hepatitis B before treatment initiation,along with regular monitoring of efficacy and adverse events,is recommended.