脱细胞真皮基质联合富血小板血浆修复兔全层皮肤缺损的疗效及机制研究OA

Objective To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanism of acellular dermal matrix(ADM)combined with platelet-rich plasma(PRP)in the repair of full-thickness skin defects in rabbits.Methods Twelve healthy New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish 72 full-thickness skin defect models on the dorsal region and were randomly divided into three groups:ADM+PRP group,ADM group,and blank control group.Macroscopic observation,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,picrosirius red staining,and immunohistochemical detection of TGF-β1 and VEGF expression were performed immediately postoperatively and at 1,2,3,and 4 weeks.Images were collected and statistically analyzed.Results The ADM+PRP group showed significantly better wound healing than the ADM and control groups.On day 7,obvious granulation tissue formation and wound contraction were observed;by day 14,most wounds had closed;and by day 28,wounds were nearly completely healed,with good hair growth and minimal scarring.The ADM group exhibited delayed healing,with necrotic tissue remaining on day 14 and incomplete healing by day 28.The control group showed slow healing throughout,with residual wounds still present at day 28.Wound healing rates were significantly higher in the ADM+PRP group at all time points(P＜0.05).At week 2,granulation tissue in the ADM+PRP group exhibited a characteristic"crater-like"morphology,indicating active repair.By week 4,collagen deposition and tissue remodeling were more pronounced in this group.Picrosirius red staining and immunohistochemistry showed that at weeks 2 and 4,the ADM+PRP group had significantly higher levels of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen,a higher proportion of type Ⅰ collagen,and increased expression of VEGF and TGF-β1 compared to the other groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion ADM combined with PRP significantly promotes the healing of full-thickness skin defects by enhancing granulation tissue formation,collagen deposition,and the expression of angiogenic factors VEGF and TGF-β1,leading to improved skin repair quality.This approach is superior to ADM alone and holds promising potential for clinical application.