有机肥替代氮肥配施叶面肥对不同粒型水稻营养分配、产量及品质的影响OA
Effects of Replacing Nitrogen Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer Combined with Foliar Fertilizer on Nutrient Allocation,Yield,and Quality of Different Grain Types Rice
为明确有机肥替代氮肥配施叶面肥对不同粒型优质稻品种营养元素分配、产量及品质的影响,以长粒粳稻秀水香 1 号(L)和圆粒粳稻浙禾香 2 号(R)为材料开展大田试验,设置常规施肥(CK)、有机肥替代 40%氮肥(40%M)、有机肥替代 40%氮肥+叶面肥(40%ML)3 个处理,探究不同施肥处理对不同粒型水稻品种氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)转运及产量、品质的响应特征.结果表明,与圆粒型水稻品种相比,长粒型水稻叶片的 N、P 含量及 N、P、K 分配比例均最高,茎秆的 N、K 分配比例最低,穗部 K 含量及 K 分配比例均最高,但穗部 P 含量及 N、P 分配比例均最低.此外,有机肥替代氮肥对不同粒型水稻品种的元素分配存在显著差异:与 L-CK 相比,L-40%M、L-40%ML 处理的叶片 N含量分别显著增加 51.74%、51.90%;与 R-CK 相比,R-40%M、R-40%ML 处理的穗部 N 含量分别显著增加 36.65%、35.19%.产量方面,L-40%ML 和 R-40%ML 处理的产量均最高,分别较对照增产 6.10%和 4.26%.米质方面,与对照相比,L-40%ML 和 R-40%ML 处理的稻米垩白度、垩白粒率均显著降低,其中长粒型品种分别降低 13.64%、16.67%,圆粒型品种分别降低 29.03%、25.00%.综上所述,有机肥替代 40%氮肥并配合叶面肥施用,可优化两种粒型优质稻品种的养分吸收与利用,实现产量提升与品质改善的协同发展,为优质稻绿色高效生产技术提供可行策略.
To clarify the effects of replacing nitrogen(N)fertilizer with organic fertilizer combined with foliar fertilizer on nutrient allocation,yield,and quality in different grain-types high-quality rice varieties,a field experiment was conducted using the long-grain type rice variety Xiushuixiang 1(L)and the round-grain type rice variety Zhehexang 2(R).Three treatments were set up:conventional fertilization(CK),40%N replaced by organic fertilizer(40%M),and 40%N replaced by organic fertilizer plus foliar fertilizer(40%ML).The response characteristics of N,phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)translocation,as well as yield and quality,to different N management strategies in the two grain types were investigated.The results showed that,compared with the round-grain variety,the long-grain variety had the highest N and P contents in leaves,along with the highest N,P,and K allocation ratios;the lowest N and K allocation ratios in stems;and the highest K content and K allocation ratio in panicles,but the lowest P content and the lowest N and P allocation ratios in panicles.In addition,organic fertilizer substitution significantly affected nutrient allocation in the two grain types.Compared with L-CK,leaf N content under L-40%M and L-40%ML increased significantly by 51.74%and 51.90%,respectively.Compared with R-CK,panicle N content under R-40%M and R-40%ML increased significantly by 36.65%and 35.19%,respectively.In terms of yield,the L-40%ML and R-40%ML treatments produced the highest yields,increasing by 6.10%and 4.26%over their respective controls.In terms of rice quality,compared with the control,both chalkiness degree and chalky grain rate of theL-40%ML and R-40%ML treatments were significantly reduced,the long-grain variety showed reductions of 13.64%and 16.67%,while the round-grain variety showed reductions of 29.03%and 25.00%,respectively.In conclusion,replacing 40%of N fertilizer with organic fertilizer combined with foliar fertilizer can optimize nutrient uptake and utilization in both grain-types high-quality rice varieties,achieving coordinated improvements in both yield and quality.This provides a feasible strategy for green and efficient production of high-quality rice.
沈娴;王保君;张红梅;周治国;张海鹏;李斌
嘉兴市农渔技术推广站,浙江 嘉兴 314050嘉兴市农业科学院 生态环境研究所,浙江 嘉兴 314016嘉兴市农业科学院 生态环境研究所,浙江 嘉兴 314016海宁市民兴农机专业合作社,浙江 海宁 314416嘉兴市农渔技术推广站,浙江 嘉兴 314050嘉兴市农渔技术推广站,浙江 嘉兴 314050
农业科技
水稻有机肥叶面肥粒型营养元素产量品质
riceorganic fertilizerfoliar fertilizergrain typenutrient elementsyieldquality
《中国稻米》 2026 (5)
30-34,5
嘉兴市科技计划(应用性基础研究)项目(2024AZ10006,2023AZ11004)浙江省水稻新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02063-3)浙江省区域试验站项目(2025QYSYLY03)桐乡市高桥农业科技园区项目(2021E70009)
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