Y染色体丢失对男性实体肿瘤影响的研究进展与展望OA

The incidence and mortality rates of various solid tumors are significantly higher in males than in females,suggesting that sex-related biological factors,such as the Y chromosome,may play an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.Loss of the Y chromosome(LOY),a common somatic genetic alteration during male aging,has garnered extensive attention for its roles in hematologic malignancies and aging-related diseases.However,the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potential of LOY in male solid tumors remain to be further elucidated.At the molecular level,LOY can lead to dysfunction of key Y chromosome-encoded genes and influence tumor cell biological behaviors through diverse mechanisms,including epigenetic regulation,post-transcriptional modification,and crosstalk among signaling pathways,thereby participating in critical processes such as tumor proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis,angiogenesis,and remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment.In clinical practice,LOY may serve as a predictor of cancer risk and is closely associated with prognosis and therapeutic response in male patients,highlighting its substantial potential as a biomarker.With deepening research and the application of novel technologies,LOY-based individualized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are expected to provide new avenues for precision medicine in male patients with solid tumors.This review systematically summarizes the current advances in LOY-related research and reveals that LOY is prevalent across various male solid tumors,with its frequency and clinical implications exhibiting cancer type-specific characteristics.