PSPC1、TGF-β1基因表达与胃癌临床病理特征的相关性及临床价值OA

Objective To analyze the correlation between PSPC1 and TGF-β1 expression in tumor tissues and clini-copathological features of gastric cancer and to study their clinical value.Methods From January 2022 to January 2025,98 patients with gastric cancer treated at the Second People's Hospital of Jingzhou City and the Central Hospital of Xiangyang Affiliated to Hubei University of Arts and Sciences were selected as the gastric cancer group(GCC group),and 53 patients with benign gastric diseases were selected as the control group.PSPC1 and TGF-β1 expression were detected by quantitative real-time PCR.Spearman's rank correlation was used for correlation analysis.ROC curves and DeLong's method were used to compare the predictive value for poor prognosis.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for poor prognosis.Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis.Results The expression of PSPC1 and TGF-β1 in tumor tissues of the GCC group was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues and the control group(F/P=597.699/<0.001,231.568/<0.001).The proportion of patients with MSI-H status,ctDNA positivity,tTMB>10 mutations/Mb,and total CTC>5/7.5 ml in the GCC group was significantly higher than that in the control group(χ2/P=4.013/0.045,17.565/<0.001,50.933/<0.001,26.508/<0.001).Patients with poor to moderate differentiation,MSS status,tTMB>10 mutations/Mb,ctDNA positivity,total CTC>5/7.5 ml,and TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ showed significantly higher PSPC1 and TGF-β1 expression compared to those with well-differentiated tumors,MSI-H status,tTMB≤10 mutations/Mb,ctDNA nega-tivity,total CTC≤5/7.5 ml,and TNM stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ(t/P=6.075/<0.001,2.086/0.040,4.308/<0.001,3.247/0.002,3.227/0.003,3.638/<0.001,2.529/0.013,2.502/0.014,2.453/0.016,3.895/<0.001,2.240/0.027,3.273/0.001).PSPC1 and TGF-β1 expression in tumor tissues was significantly correlated with pathological differentiation grade,MSI status,tTMB,ctDNA,and total CTC count(r/P=-0.726/0.021,-0.208/0.040,0.709/0.016,0.618/0.034,0.651/0.041,0.722/0.028,-0.649/0.027,-0.247/0.014,0.574/0.005,0.629/0.019,0.633/0.018,0.615/0.002).The AUCs for predicting poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients using PSPC1,TGF-β1,and their combination were 0.693,0.678,and 0.895,respectively.The combined predictive value was superior to either marker alone(DeLong method:Z/P=7.137/<0.001,6.902/<0.001).Poor to moderate differentiation,MSS status,tTMB>10 mutations/Mb,ctDNA positivity,total CTC>5/7.5 ml,TNM stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,high PSPC1,and high TGF-β1 were independent risk factors for poor prognosis[HR(95%CI)=2.841(1.875-4.304),4.586(2.351-8.947),3.487(2.018-6.025),3.174(1.933-5.212),4.289(2.546-7.224),4.660(2.593-8.373),3.959(2.464-6.362),4.267(2.200-8.277)].At the fol-low-up endpoint,63 gastric cancer patients survived and 35 died.The median survival of gastric cancer patients with PSPC1≥0.86 and TGF-β1≥0.94 was 26.45 months,which was significantly lower than the median survival of 31.19 months for pa-tients with PSPC1<0.86 or TGF-β1<0.94(Log-rank χ2=9.265,P<0.001).Conclusion PSPC1 and TGF-β1 expression in tumor tissue is closely related to clinicopathological features,targeted immunotherapy response,and adverse prognostic events in gastric cancer.Combined detection of both markers provides higher clinical value in prognostic assessment and treatment planning for gastric cancer.