糖尿病患者干眼发病机制研究进展OA

The incidence of dry eye in diabetic patients is significantly higher than that in the general population,and its pathogenesis is complex,involving a variety of pathophysiological processes.This article comprehensively reviews the latest research on the pathogenesis of dry eye in diabetic patients from the perspectives of the tear film and ocular surface,neural regulation,oxidative stress and inflammation,endocrine and other metabolic disorders,as well as genes and heredity.Hyper-glycemia interferes with tear secretion by altering tear film composition,damaging ocular surface cells,and inducing corneal neuropathy and neurotransmitter imbalance.Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are the core mechanisms underlying the development and progression of the disease;endocrine disorders,metabolic abnormalities,and genetic polymorphisms also contribute to the progression of the disease.By further elaborating the pathogenesis of dry eye,this article aims to pro-vide a theoretical basis for future research,offer guidance for clinical practice,and promote the development of targeted pre-vention and treatment strategies.