AQP4与MOG抗体阳性视神经炎患者视盘旁高反射卵圆样团块状结构的随访研究OA

Objective To observe the follow-up changes of peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass-like structures(PHOMS)in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive optic neuritis(AQP4-ON)and myelin oligodendrocyte glycopro-tein antibody-positive optic neuritis(MOG-ON).Methods This was a retrospective case series study.A total of 36 AQP4-ON patients(43 eyes)and 52 MOG-ON patients(67 eyes)diagnosed at Jiangnan University Medical Center from January 2021 to April 2025 were enrolled.Enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography was used to scan the patients' op-tic disc and macular area and detect PHOMS,retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT),and ganglion cell layer thickness(GCLT),and differences between groups were compared.Results The incidence of PHOMS was 27.78％in AQP4-ON patients and 48.08％in MOG-ON patients.During follow-up,in both AQP4-ON patients with persistent PHOMS and MOG-ON patients with persistent PHOMS,RNFLT and GCLT decreased significantly after follow-up compared with those before follow-up(all P＜0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in RNFLT or GCLT either before or after follow-up between patients with AQP4-ON and those with AQP4-ON complicated by PHOMS,or between patients with MOG-ON and those with MOG-ON complicated by PHOMS(all P＞0.05).Conclusion The incidence of PHOMS is higher in MOG-ON patients than in AQP4-ON patients,suggesting a closer association with MOG-related inflammatory oedema.During fol-low-up,PHOMS shows complex changes and heterogeneous outcomes,and it is not supported as a predictor of long-term structural damage.