角膜移植手术后眼表微环境与干眼的研究进展OA

In China,over 3 million patients are afflicted with corneal blindness,which ranks as the second most common cause of blindness in nation.Corneal transplantation is a procedure that restores vision by replacing diseased or damaged corneal tissue with healthy donor tissue,thereby re-reestablishing corneal function and transparency.Dry eye disease(DED)stands out as one of the most common complications following corneal transplantation and has become a pivotal factor influencing surgical outcomes.The high incidence of DED after transplantation and its detrimental effects on corneal graft survival pose an urgent clinical challenge in the field of ophthalmology.This complication arises from the combined effects of surgical trauma to the ocular surface,pharmacological treatments,and multifactorial disruptions during the postoperative healing process,which collectively lead to an imbalance in the ocular surface microenvironment.Beyond causing symptoms such as dryness and a foreign body sensation,postoperative DED can also trigger superficial punctate keratitis and recurrent corneal epithelial erosions.Chronic ocular inflammation further exacerbates damage to corneal endothelial cells,impairing visual function and potentially leading to graft failure.However,postoperative DED often goes underrecognized clinically,as greater attention is typically given to other,more severe complications.Therefore,this review systematically explores the intricate interplay between post-transplant ocular surface dyshomeostasis and DED,exploring its pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.We aim to provide a theoretical foundation and clinical guidance for optimizing perioperative management and enhancing long-term graft survival.